An ADHD assessment is typically conducted over multiple appointments (2-3) to ensure a thorough evaluation and arrive at an accurate clinical formulation and diagnosis. Further medical appointments may be required to discuss and initiate treatment, as well as for ongoing maintenance and monitoring.
An ADHD assessment includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:
Clinical Assessment: A comprehensive evaluation of the patient's history, symptoms, and signs, including the identification of comorbidities and the exploration of differential diagnoses that best explain the symptoms the patient is experiencing.
Collateral Information: Gathering information from a family member or someone who knew the patient before the age of 12, typically a parent.
Additional Collateral Information: Collecting data from teachers, school reports, and pediatricians.
Psychometric Testing: Administered by a psychologist, this testing helps rule out or confirm other likely comorbidities, such as learning, reading, comprehension, or processing disorders.
If a diagnosis of ADHD is not made according to DSM (or ICD) criteria, an ongoing management plan will be created with the patient. The assessing psychiatrist may manage the diagnosed condition(s), or a letter will be provided to the patient’s GP for ongoing management.
If a diagnosis of ADHD is made, management may involve the commencement of medication. However, there is no guarantee that stimulants will be prescribed, as various factors may disqualify a patient from stimulant prescriptions. The assessing psychiatrist will discuss treatment options with the patient.
In general, there are two types of pharmacological treatment options for the management of ADHD: stimulant and non-stimulant medications.
Non-Stimulant Medication: This option typically requires 2-4 follow-up reviews over the next 4-12 weeks to optimize treatment, followed by ongoing follow-ups for continued prescription and monitoring as clinically indicated.
Stimulant Medication: This option generally requires closer monitoring, with 4-6 follow-up appointments to stabilize the patient on the medication. Once stable, ongoing follow-ups are needed to continue prescribing and monitor the response as clinically indicated. Additionally, state regulations necessitate further investigations before commencing the medication, along with regular blood tests and other assessments, which will be discussed by the assessing psychiatrist.